September 19, 2007

The Nichizen Mannen Kugo Great Mandala of 1280 at Kitayama

Note that Mandala 016 kept at Hota Mohonji is also known as Mannen Kugo. Two very different Mandalas; same name. Mandala 016 in the Gohonzonshu is the Mannen Kugo Daihonzon of 1274. This one, which is unpublished, is the Nichizen Mannen Kugo Daimandara of 1280. The Nichizen Mandala is called mannen Kugo because of this inscription entered by Nikko: 懸本門寺可為万年重宝也.

懸 hanging 本門寺 Honmonji 可為 regarded 万年 10,000 years 重宝 precious treasure 也 is.

Note that mannen, meaning 10,000, and taken as a symbol for the timelessness or the atemporal, is there. However, Kugo, meaning something like peace and security, is not.

This Nichizen mandala is not in the Gohonzon Shu. It is listed as the Man Nen Ku Go Gohonzon at the Kitayama Web Site. Photo Sharing and Video Hosting at PhotobucketIt was issued {授与} to the Disciple Shobo Nichizen {日禅} in the Third year{ 三年}of the Koan Era {弘安}, 1280, and is called the Mannen Kugo {万年救護}Gohonzon }本尊}. The date on the Mandala is the 5th month, 9th day of the 3rd year of Koan; so it is May 9 1280.

The Treasure Page of the Kitayama Honmonji Web-Site lists four {4} historically important original Nichiren Mandala Gohonzons that are kept at their Temple. Only one of these is included in the Gohonzonshu. The four are:

  • The Teppo Gohonzon:  A Teppo is a primitive firearm or weapon. The Teppo {鉄砲} Gohonzon is #033 in the Gohonzonshu. The date on it is February 1276 (Kenji 2). Praying to the Teppo Gohonzon affords protection from weapons or firearms.
  • The Godaiji, Ontaikoto, or 'Great Matter' {御大事} Honzon: This is a special ceremonial Gohonzon.
  • The Koyasu {子安}Gohonzon:  Koyasu means "child-giving."  We see that word in the Koyasu or 'Easy Child Delivery' Maternal forms of Kannon & Kishimojin. Praying to the Koyasu Honzon provides ease of childbirth for expectant mothers.
  • The Nichizen Mannen Kugo {万年救護} Gohonzon

There is more information about the Nichizen Mandala here:

Link to Weblio Lexicon Entry

This indicates that there are two identical Mandalas. One of these is kept at Kityama Honmonji and the other is at Taisekiji.

5月9日に日禅に授与された本尊で、日蓮の真筆であり北山本門寺と大石寺に、同じものが保存されている。 真筆が2枚存在しているのは、いつのころか何者かが真筆を剥離して2枚にしたものである。 北山蔵が表面で、大石蔵は裏面とされている。

Translation by tongsampah: The original in Nichiren's handwriting exist in identical copies at Kitayama and Taisekiji. Someone separated them into 2 copies. The surface copy is kept at Kitayama, while the background copy is kept at Taisekiji."Photo Sharing and Video Hosting at Photobucket

The problem with this is that my sources indicate that the above referenced 万年 or mannen phrase is not quite identical on the two copies. I am told that a word which appears on one of them, is not found on the other. Thus, the mystery deepens.

This is the same mandala of the Kawabe Memo controversy. The following is from the Soka Spirit Web-site:

The Gohonzon conferred upon Nichizen refers to the object of devotion that was given to Shobo Nichizen on May 9, 1280. He was one of the six senior priests that Nikko Shonin chose among his disciples. Nichizen founded Minamino-bo lodging temple on the grounds of the head temple, Taiseki-ji.

This particular Gohonzon, after being lost for a while, came to be possessed by Kitayama Honmon-ji temple around 1539. When it was on sale in June 1910, Nichio, founder of Hodo-in temple in Tokyo, purchased it and kept it at his Hodo-in temple. And it was dedicated from Hodo-in temple to Taiseki-ji in March 1970. These facts about the Gohonzon given to Nichizen would only be known to those who are deeply versed in Nichiren Shoshu matters. It was Nikken, then the study department chief of Nichiren Shoshu, who examined this Gohonzon, when it was taken to Taiseki-ji for permanent storage.

Nikken: Self-proclaimed former high priest (Part 5) Nikken Says That the Dai-Gohonzon Is Counterfeit

There is more about the Kawabe Memo in that article. I am mostly interested in the background of the Nichizen Mandala, that I why I excerpted that segment. As of now, I do not think it was the template of Taisekiji's Dai Gohonzon. For a lot more on that see: The Taisekiji DaiGohonzon Myth

Here is a little background on the Disciple Shobo Nichizen:

In 1275 Nikko, with the help of Niko, Nichiji, and others; had converted three leading Priests of Ryusenji, a Tendai Temple, to the "Hokke Shu." Sho-bo Nichizen: {????-1331} was one of those three. Despite opposition from Gyochi, the deputy chief priest of Ryusen-ji, the trio of monks converted quite a few court officials, samurai, and peasants in the Atsuhara area. In response, Gyochi eventually expelled the three monks from Ryusenji. Nichizen then returned to his home in Kai Province, thus avoiding the infamous Atsuhara Persecutions. Sometime later, Shobo Nichizen went to Mt. Minobu Nichiren to serve Nichiren as a resident minister at Minobusan Kuonji. It was there that he received this Great Mandala from Nichiren. After 1288, Nichizen became one of Nikko's Six {6} Major Elder Disciples at Mt. Fuji.

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Posted in Robin Beck on September 15, 2007 12:51 AM
Posted by rbeck at September 5, 2007 07:51 PM

Posted by rbeck at September 19, 2007 12:51 AM
Comments

-Would love to hear your opinion on this.-

See the thread on the Daihonzon of 1274, which I moved up. That has pictures so readers can see what we are talking about.

Posted by: robin at September 17, 2007 03:11 PM

+++ It occurred to me that the absence of samsaric beings might be why Nichiren wrote Dai Honzon rather than Dai Man Da Ra in the Ichien Budai Inscription. +++


It seems the absence of samsaric beings at the ceremony is simultaneous with the revelation of a universal Tathagata, whose body is the totality of Shakyamuni, Great Sun Tathagata (Taho Nyorai), and buddhas from all directions of the universe. Could this be a way of making known to us that the body of this universal Buddha is devoid of defilements?


+++ The Daihonzon, in fact also the Daimandara up to sometime in 1278, all had a representative of "the emanation Buddhas of the ten directions" in Zentoku Nyorai {Buddha from the east. There is also Jippo Bunshin on the other side. Anyway, the emanation Buddhas are summoned in Chapter 11? I do not see where the space was completely cleared of Samsara Dwellers. though that still rings a bell. Shakyamuni does purify many Saha Worlds to make room for all of the Buddhas who are showing up. +++


Probably the Daimandaras up to 1278 represent those stages where the emanation buddhas have yet to fully assemble. Chapter eleven of the Lotus sutra says the emanation Buddhas kept arriving. So, in order to accommodate them, there were three stages of purification. Each time the ceremonial environment expanded. (Is this a way of saying there is no room for defilement in the Pure Land of the Eternal Shakyamuni?) When all the emanations have arrived fully, only then it is called Daihonzon? Is this what they call the complete body of the Tathagata? 016 represents this complete body?

Would love to hear your opinion on this.

Posted by: sun eye at September 17, 2007 01:27 AM

*Do you think there is a possibility of a connection between 016 having no samsara dwellers and that event in the Lotus Sutra?*

I sort of recall something about Shakyamuni purifying the open space before summoning his emanations. But I do not recall anyone discussing this in detail.

It occurred to me that the absence of samsaric beings might be why Nichiren wrote Dai Honzon rather than Dai Man Da Ra in the Ichien Budai Inscription.

The Daihonzon, in fact also the Daimandara up to sometime in 1278, all had a representative of "the emanation Buddhas of the ten directions" in Zentoku Nyorai {Buddha from the east. There is also Jippo Bunshin on the other side. Anyway, the emanation Buddhas are summoned in Chapter 11?

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
At that time the Buddhas of the ten directions each spoke to his multitude of bodhisattvas, saying, "Good men, now I must go to the saha world, to the place where Shakyamuni Buddha is, and also offer alms to the treasure tower of Many Treasures Thus Come One."

The saha world thereupon immediately changed into a place of cleanness and purity.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
I do not see where the space was cpmpletely cleared of Samsara Dwellers. though that still rings a bell. Shakyamuni does purify many Saha Worlds to make room for all of the Buddhas who are showing up.

Posted by: robek at September 16, 2007 02:30 PM

*** The best case for a special Daihonzon among those extant would be the mandala with that name. The case that 016 is special is overwhelming. The date, the inscription, Namu before all the names, no samsara dwellers present.***


I recall there is one chapter in the Lotus Sutra where Shakyamuni Buddha cleansed the ceremonial space three times, despatching the lower worlds to elsewhere, while also summoning his emanations from every directions to the ceremony.

The reason was to present his unified (or universal?) buddha body at that ceremony?

Do you think there is a possibility of a connection between 016 having no samsara dwellers and that event in the Lotus Sutra?

Posted by: sun eye at September 16, 2007 11:25 AM

**If based on those remarks by Nikko that Kitayama and Nishiyama called their mandaras "Mannen Kugo Gohonzon", and their temples "Honmonji", then the other four temples who also own mandaras with those same remarks Nikko made, should calls their's the "Mannen Kugo Gohonzon" too. Then we would have six "Mannen Kugo Gohonzons" in the world.**

Maybe 8 0r 9. The Tsisekiji Mandala has the words Honmon Kaidan in the conferral.

The best case for a special Daihonzon among those extant would be the mandala with that name. The case that 016 is special is overwhelming. The date, the inscription, Namu before all the names, no samsara dwellers present.

But I see no reason why there can not be more than one special mandala. There is an ichinen sanzen honzon, one or 2 women's nirvana honzons, 2 healing honzons, 1 or 2 ease of child birth honzons. I do not see the Lotus Sutra Gohonzon as
being a Tribal or Jealous Gohonzon.

gassho

robin

Posted by: robek at September 16, 2007 12:12 AM

I figured that out after I posted. I recall reading that Nikko wrote "Hanging it up in Honmonji" on some 1280 Mandalas.
Myokakuji in Kyoto, Honnoji in Kyoto, Honmonji in Kyoto, and Hokkeji in Kagawa Prefecture were mentioned as Temples that own these.

===================================

The Nichizen mandara (Kitayama copy) does have the same remarks as the Nishiyama mandara # 32B.
I got an earful from a senior for not knowing this. Haha. Anyway, it is confirmed.

The remarks in kanji: 懸本門寺可為万年重宝也.

懸 hanging 本門寺 Honmonji 可為 regarded 万年 10,000 years 重宝 precious treasure 也 is.

There's another correction I need state, and that was pointed out by my senior too.
The above remark should be understood as: "Hanging it up in the Honmonji that is regarded as the precious treasure of ten thousand years."

The meaning is that it isn't those four to six mandaras on which Nikko wrote those remarks that was to be considered the treasure of ten thousand years. Rather, it is Honmonji that is regarded as the treasure.

The four or six mandaras distributed by Nikko to his various lineage temples were a reminder to those temples that they are subject to the precious Honmonji of the future. It should be noted that although Nikko mentioned Honmonji, there was no built-up Honmonji during his lifetime. Honmonji was the name designated for the future Honmon Kaidan.

If based on those remarks by Nikko that Kitayama and Nishiyama called their mandaras "Mannen Kugo Gohonzon", and their temples "Honmonji", then the other four temples who also own mandaras with those same remarks Nikko made, should calls their's the "Mannen Kugo Gohonzon" too. Then we would have six "Mannen Kugo Gohonzons" in the world.

Ciao.

Posted by: sun eye at September 15, 2007 03:12 AM

I figured that out after I posted. I recall reading
that Nikko wrote "Hanging it up in Honmonji" on some 1280 Mandalas.

Myokakuji in Kyoto, Honnoji in Kyoto, Honmonji in Kyoto, and Hokkeji in Kagawa Prefecture were mentioned as Temples that own these.

Posted by: robek at September 13, 2007 05:52 PM

None below are Nikko's remarks. They are all the usual inscriptions by Nichiren.

13:大覚世尊入滅後二千二百二十余年之間雖有経文一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也得意人察之

26:大覚世尊御入滅後二千二百廿余年間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也

20: 仏滅後二千二百卅余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
21: 仏滅後二千二百三十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
22: 仏滅後二千二百三十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
23: 仏滅後二千二百三十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
24: 仏滅後二千二百卅余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
27: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也
30: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也
31: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年之間一閻浮之内未曽図画大漫荼羅也
32: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也
32b: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也

However, there is a possibility I may have missed out something on the Nichizen. There could be a remark by Nikko after all. I will do a thorough check first. Bye.

Posted by: sun eye at September 11, 2007 01:31 AM

13:大覚世尊入滅後二千二百二十余年之間雖有経文一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也得意人察之

26:大覚世尊御入滅後二千二百廿余年間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也


20: 仏滅後二千二百卅余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
21: 仏滅後二千二百三十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
22: 仏滅後二千二百三十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
23: 仏滅後二千二百三十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
24: 仏滅後二千二百卅余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大曼陀羅也
27: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也
30: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也
31: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年之間一閻浮之内未曽図画大漫荼羅也
32: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也
32b: 仏滅後二千二百二十余年之間一閻浮提之内未有大漫荼羅也

Posted by: robek at September 10, 2007 11:03 PM

Corrected:

懸 hanging 本門寺 Honmonji 可 to do 為 regard as 万 ten thousand 年 years 重 important 宝 treasure 也 it is.

This remark was added by Nikko to the bottom centre (facing) of Nichiren's Mandara No.32B (Nishiyama). Note: Remark by Nikko, not Nichiren. Nikko added the almost equivalent remark to at least 3 or maybe 4 others. Let me find out first.

Posted by: sun eye at September 10, 2007 10:01 PM

懸 hanging 本門寺 Honmonji 可 to do 為 regard as 万年 ten thousand 重 important 宝 treasure 也 it is.

Posted by: sun eye at September 10, 2007 09:52 PM

Hi all!
How are you?

Posted by: Adesva at September 10, 2007 07:11 PM

Hi Robin,

You probably were surprised that Kitayama has a Mannen Kugo? And all these years you’ve never heard such a thing. Well, that’s because Kitayama called it the Mannen Kugo, not too long ago. Beyond Kitayama, it has always been known as the "Nichizen Juyo Mandara" (日禅授与漫荼羅). On what basis Kitayama calls it the Mannen Kugo? There is none really, other than the need to impress that they lack not a Mandara that saves and protects for the 10,000 years of Mappo.

The website http://kamakura.cool.ne.jp/gomoyama/new_page_35.htm calls it the “Nichizen Juyo Mandara" but state in brackets (Kitayama Honmonji Mannen Kugo Honzon) in order that people would know this is the one which Kitayama calls their Mannen Kugo.

Nishiyama also have their very own Mannen Kugo. It is No.32B of the Gohonzonshu. This one contains a remark by Nikko [懸本門寺可為万年重宝也]. It means, “Hanging it up in Honmonji as its esteemed treasure for ten thousand years.” By virtue of this remark, Nishiyama call theirs the Mannen Kugo too, though it contain this inscription common to more than a hundred mandaras “.....the never before revealed Great Mandara in the 2220 year..... blah blah blah." Like the Nichizen, No.32B is a Great Mandara.

Posted by: sun eye at September 10, 2007 09:54 AM

I noticed that, I think the dates are very close? The calligraphy looks like what I see in pictures of Taisekiji's DG, but not exactly the same.

Posted by: robek at September 10, 2007 08:20 AM

Hi Robin,

The Nichizen reminds me of the Nichiren autograph that Nichiren Shu confers on believers-the Shutei Mandala Gohonzon; not so much the calligraphy, as it is quite different, but the spacing.

Posted by: Ernesto at September 10, 2007 07:59 AM

Hi Robin,

Mandara conferred on Nichizen (日禅授与漫荼羅) height 111 cm x width 58.3 cm.

Fuji Taisekiji Ita-mandara (富士大石寺板大漫茶羅) height 143.92 cm x width 65.15 cm.

Hota Myohonji Mannen Kugo Honzon (保田妙本寺万年救護本尊) height 106 cm x width 56.7 cm.

Posted by: sun eye at September 8, 2007 01:58 AM

woops. just saw your other post. never mind my comments.

Posted by: matty at September 7, 2007 02:28 AM

Hey Robby, when I was talking with my mother about these two objects that go by the name "Manen Kugo" we looked at the page in the Gohonzonshu about the Hota Gohonzons (I believe it was there - this fact didn't mean much to me at the time). (I believe) the notes say that the Hota ManenKugo is the only object that is identified on its face as a "Gohonzon". You also pointed out that its not a 10 world mandala, while the Kitayama one is...

Posted by: Matty at September 7, 2007 02:16 AM

I understand that most temples use a printing company. Which one they use varies depending on the school. I think most use an electronic reproduction of a Nichiren Original.

Posted by: robek at September 6, 2007 06:31 AM

Robin,
How are the Gohonzon made now? Are they copies that the Priest make and then photo copy them? Is this a silly question?
Thank You,
With Metta.........Annette

Posted by: Annette at September 5, 2007 10:09 PM

"How do you come by this information?"

Teaching myself to read Kanji. E-discussions at E-Sangha.

"Are you saying the "Mannen Kugo" Daihonzon is NOT no. 16 of the Gohonzon Shu?"

No. There are simply two Gohonzons with the same name.


Is this NOT kept at hota myohonji temple?
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
# 016 is kept at Hota.

The Nichizen is kept at Kitayama AND Taisekiji. See my updates.

"Someone separated {it} into 2 copies. The surface copy is kept at Kitayama, while the background copy is kept at Taisekiji."

Posted by: robek at September 5, 2007 03:41 PM

Hello Robin;

now I'm really confused...are you saying the "Mannen Kugo" Daihonzon is NOT no. 16 of the Gohonzon Shu? Is this NOT kept at hota myohonji temple? What about the wooden copy held by Honmon Shoshu?

This is all very confusing...to say the least.

How do you come by this information?

David

Posted by: David Johnson at September 5, 2007 03:18 PM